Betti and Bass numbers of relative Frobenius maps

Motivated by refinements of Kunz's theorem involving the growth of Betti numbers, we study Betti and Bass numbers associated to the relative Frobenius. Under appropriate hypotheses on a local ring homomorphism $\varphi \colon R \to S$, we obtain bounds on the growth of the Betti and Bass numbers of relative Frobenius pushforwards of homologically finite complexes in terms of the corresponding invariants of the residue field of the closed fiber $S/\mathfrak m S$. These results extend previous work on Betti numbers to coefficients and provide a dual perspective via Bass numbers, contributing to the study of how Frobenius actions encode information about ring homomorphisms.