arXiv preprints from January 1, 2026 through September 10, 2026 — 01:45:27 EST
Emission-line ratios from ions with nearly identical ionization potentials offer a robust solution to the degeneracies inherent to traditional active galactic nuclei (AGNs) metallicity diagnostics. We introduce new semi-empirical metallicity calibrations for the $\rm N_2O_2$ and $\rm N_2S_2$ diagnostics, explicitly designed to isolate...
The large amount of ground-based photometric measurements of $η$ Carinae obtained since 1940 have remained problematic for quantitative modeling due to the blending of flux from the stellar core and the surrounding circumstellar nebula. In the era of the Hubble Space Telescope, spatially resolved imaging & spectrophotometry have...
A variety of effects can perturb the orbital properties of single planets in close orbits around their host stars. HD80606 b is a highly eccentric ($ε$=0.93) exoplanet orbiting its host G5V star, HD80606. HD80606 b became a compelling target for exoplanet research after (Laughlin et al 2009) discovered that the 4.16 MJup planet...
Neutral-atom quantum processors have rapidly advanced in scale and coherence, yet their practical performance remains constrained by limited quantum circuit iteration rates (qCIRs) and information throughput. Here we experimentally demonstrate a high-throughput neutral-atom system based on non-destructive readout and atom reuse. By...
Advances in 3D laser-nanoprinting enable us to fabricate 3D nanophotonic devices with a wide range of functionalities on demand. By exploiting all three spatial dimensions, an enormous design space becomes available for these nanophotonic devices. However, such an immense design space is impossible to explore efficiently by intuition...
This paper proposes a model of a Néel-ordered antiferromagnet exhibiting a weak ferromagnetic moment restricted to the crystal surface, generated by spin-orbit coupling induced by broken surface symmetries. Depending on crystal termination, the surface magnetic moment can align with identical or opposing signs on the top and bottom...
Optoelectronic resistive random-access memory elements (ORRAM) are critical emerging devices that leverage photonic technologies to bring the advantages of optical programming to traditionally electronic memristive platforms for neuromorphic computing and artificial intelligence. In this work, a free-space optic micro-LED ($μ$LED)...
Using JWST/MIRI imaging of M51 in eight broadband filters, we investigate correlations of mid-infrared emission from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and dust continuum with molecular, atomic, and ionized gas traced by CO(1-0), HI, and Pa-alpha, respectively. In molecular gas-dominated regions, PAH-dominated filters (F560W,...
We present the first sample-level search for supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs) requiring coherent quasi-periodicity at a common period in the X-ray and optical bands, over 1194 Swift-BAT hard X-ray AGN (Stage 1) and 175 4XMM-DR14 AGN (Stage 2). No source is a co-periodic candidate. Each light curve is modelled as a damped...
That the gluons of quantum chromodynamics self-interact with a strong coupling suggests the possibility of hadrons in which the gluonic field plays an essential role: Glueballs in which gluons stick together to produce a hadron in which no quarks are required, and hybrids in which an excited gluonic field couples to quarks. This...
Generating photorealistic novel views from unposed images requires both 3D geometric understanding and the ability to synthesize unseen content. A natural strategy combines feed-forward 3DGS reconstruction with multi-view diffusion. Yet prior pipelines extract at most one signal from the reconstruction, either pixel rendering or...
We show how to compile an arbitrary classical circuit into a fault-tolerant circuit, which performs the desired computation even when an almost-linear number of bits are adversarially chosen and corrupted in each timestep. Using a variant of this fault-tolerance scheme that only detects (rather than corrects) corruptions, we give a...
A benchmark should deliver more than a scalar score: what makes an evaluation trustworthy is the reasoning that justifies the score. This is especially critical for world models, where judging a rollout requires understanding whether physics, causality, and world state evolve correctly. Humans spot such violations naturally, yet no...
We prove a fault-tolerance theorem for quantum computation against adversarial noise. For every quantum circuit on $\bar{N}$ logical qudits of depth $\bar{T}$, we construct a fault-tolerant circuit on $N=\text{poly}(\bar{N})$ physical qudits of depth $\bar{T}\cdot\bar{N}^{o(1)}$, which is robust against an adversary who may...
Decentralized lending lacks a credit bureau: a borrower's capacity to repay must be inferred entirely from public on-chain activity, without income verification or a liability record. This paper presents zLend, a deployed cash-flow underwriting framework that reconstructs a wallet's daily balance history from raw token transfers and...
Background Lung cancer remains the deadliest cancer worldwide because it is often diagnosed too late. Effective treatment depends on detection at an early screening stage. However, the growing number of patients and the limited number of radiologists lead to prolonged diagnostic waiting times. In very early stage lung cancer, nodule...
We show that, on trees, any locally checkable labeling problem (LCL) $Π$ that can be solved by an $n^{o(1)}$-dependent distribution can also be solved by an $O(\log n)$-round deterministic LOCAL algorithm. The result is obtained through a rake-and-compress-style decomposition of the input tree, and local simulations of the bounded...
Multi-segment suction-based soft robots are promising for inspection and maintenance in confined or fragile environments, but existing approaches still depend heavily on manually designed gaits and environment-specific motion scripts. This work presents a planning framework for serial multi-segment soft robots with deformable body...
Time-critical interactive systems increasingly require ultra-low-latency device identification for multiple users, yet prevailing approaches such as passwords, QR codes, and RFID/NFC are constrained by human input, frame-based sensing, or near-contact range. This paper presents ECO-ID, an event-camera-based optical system for...
Lung nodule segmentation in computed tomography is essential for extracting clinically relevant information for lung cancer assessment and treatment planning. Foundation models have shown notable segmentation capabilities, but state-of-the-art approaches often depend on input prompts, such as points or boxes, making their performance...
We investigate power-efficient multiuser integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) assisted by an element-grouping extremely large-scale intelligent reflecting surface (EG-XL-IRS). The grouping pattern is designed using slowly varying statistical channel state information (S-CSI), so that both IRS-related channel acquisition and...
Design structure matrices (DSMs) are used to comprehensively represent complex systems. They visualize and describe the dependencies between various variables, processes, states, and events. As such they are used in several system engineering approaches, such as requirement and interface management, fault detection, and supervisory...
Individually measuring head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) at scale remains a central challenge for personalised spatial audio, motivating growing interest in synthetic HRTFs. We evaluated the numerical, computational, and behavioural validity of synthetic HRTFs, generated through the boundary element method simulation using...
This paper presents a real-time orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) radar embedded in the OpenAirInterface (OAI) 5G base-station process. The radar removes communication symbols by regularized element-wise division and performs range-Doppler processing and ordered-statistic constant-false-alarm-rate detection online...
An accurate estimation of the state of health (SOH) underpins a safe and optimized use of the battery system. Although compelling, data-driven SOH estimation models typically require large amounts of high-quality labeled cycling data, while in practice such labels are often sparse in both quantity and coverage. Therefore, in this...