arXiv preprints from January 1, 2026 through September 10, 2026 — 15:54:11 EST
Implicit multimodal in-context learning compresses demonstrations into internal interventions, ranging from static task vectors to query-conditioned transformations and attention routing. Despite their common goal, these methods differ substantially in how the intervention depends on the query and where it modifies the model, leaving...
Unstructured documents constitute the majority of enterprise and web data. With the rapid development of large language models(LLMs), researchers have started to build data systems that analyze unstructured textual documents like operating on databases. However, because mainstream retrieval methods still relies on fuzzy matching based...
In this article we consider bridging between two mixture probability measures. In particular, given access to a Markov kernel between two component distributions, we provide a general mechanism to generate samples from one mixture to the other. Associated to a given reference and extended state space, we prove entropic optimality of...
Two graphs $G$ and $H$ are homomorphism indistinguishable over a graph class $\mathcal{F}$ if they admit the same number of homomorphisms from every graph in $\mathcal{F}$. A wide range of relaxations of graph isomorphism arise this way: isomorphism itself over the class of all graphs [Lovász, Acta Math. Hung. 1967], equivalence under...
Digital restoration of historical manuscript images aims to improve readability while preserving the authenticity of cultural heritage documents. However, evaluating quality of restored manuscripts remains challenging, where readability is often subjective and expert annotations are scarce. This study investigates the suitability of...
For each nonnegative integer $m$, we construct smooth symmetric $3\times 3$ coefficient matrices $A_m$ satisfying the fixed ellipticity bound \[ I\leq A_m\leq 2^{81}I \] for which the smooth solutions of uniformly elliptic equations in nondivergence form \[ \text{tr}(A_m(x)D^2 u_m)=A_m(x):D^2u_m=0\qquad\text{in }B_2\subset...
We construct a simple $λ$-double Lie algebra on $k[t,t^{-1}]$ for every nonzero $λ\in k$. We then show that the analogous two-sided construction of weight zero is also simple. Both products admit natural coefficient realizations via row-and-column-finite operators associated with the finitary $\mathbb Z\times\mathbb Z$ matrix algebra.
We investigate the thermodynamic behaviour of an AdS black hole arising from nonlinear electrodynamics-corrected gravity, incorporating quantum effects through thermal fluctuations. From the Einstein--Euler--Heisenberg framework, we consider the modified black hole solution and analyse its thermodynamic properties in the extended...
We study two-weight weak-type estimates for the operator $S_v f = \mathcal{T}(fv)/v$, where $\mathcal{T}$ is the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator or a Calderón-Zygmund operator (CZO) and $v$ is a weight. Concretely, under certain conditions on the weights involved, we prove that $S_v$ is bounded from $L^{1}(wv)$ to $L^{1,\infty}...
Magic plays a dual role in quantum computation: it promotes stabilizer dynamics from efficient classical simulability to universality, but it presents a central challenge for fault tolerance, since non-stabilizer operations are harder to protect against noise. Magic state distillation addresses this issue; however, existing protocols...
In this note, we construct moduli spaces of super-representations of quivers by extending King's Geometric Invariant Theory (GIT) framework to the super setting. Using the even part of super general linear groups and a parity-shifting operator, we construct moduli spaces that topologically parameterize super-representations of a fixed...
We prove new comparison results between the Wasserstein distance and its sliced and max-sliced counterparts. First, we show that the Hölder exponent~$\frac{2}{d+2}$ obtained by Bobkov and Götze for the max-sliced 1-Wasserstein distance on the unit ball is optimal for every $d \geq 2$, settling a question raised in their work. Second,...
The Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) has been consolidated as a basic tool for data-driven analysis of dynamical systems, allowing simultaneous identification of coherent structures and their dynamics from time-resolved measurements. However, with a linear regression at its core, DMD is unable to produce accurate models from...
Wireless networks increasingly support closed-loop industrial applications in which sensed data must be transmitted, processed, and converted into an action before physical process makes the result obsolete. Throughput, latency, and inference accuracy measured separately cannot determine whether such an application completed a useful...
Let p > 3 be a prime, and let S_p denote the geometric isomorphism classes of supersingular elliptic curves in characteristic p whose j-invariants lie in F_p. For each negative fundamental discriminant -D for which p is inert in Q(sqrt(-D)), let m_i(D), i in S_p, be the integral coefficients of the corresponding Gross vector. We prove...
Environmental sharing changes the value of diversification even when the marginal statistics experienced by each lineage remain unchanged. A minimal model of cell division couples this effect to the inheritance of a conserved protective reserve. Each mother partitions its reserve between two daughters, and each fixed partition policy...
Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used by laypeople to resolve real legal problems, against a backdrop of persistent access-to-justice deficits. This article presents evidence that the practical force of AI-generated legal advice depends not on its accuracy but on the social production of its credibility. While existing...
This preliminary technical report presents a framework for sign language video synthesis using a loss-guided multi-expert Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) to enhance communication for individuals with hearing impairments. Three specialized discriminators -- global, hand, and head -- each guide a corresponding expert branch in the...
Time-domain inverse design in photonics is known to be suitable for maximizing the efficiency of optical devices over broad frequency ranges. Objectives commonly used in this context include time-integrated field quantities derived from Poynting's theorem, such as energy, flux, or dissipated power, which can be directly linked to...
In this paper, we introduce the notion of a distinguished variety in the domain $\mathbfΘ_n$. One of the main results of the paper is a determinantal representation for every distinguished variety in $\mathbfΘ_n$. We also show that the closure of every distinguished variety is polynomially convex. Furthermore, we obtain a dilation and...
Rotation-based post-training quantisation commonly applies an orthogonal transform across an entire attention head to reduce outlier-induced error. RoPE instead partitions each head into two-dimensional frequency pairs, raising the question of whether a transform respecting this decomposition can improve on full-head mixing. Prior...
We investigate thermal photon emission from magnetized quark-gluon plasma (QGP) within (1+1)-dimensional relativistic magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), systematically incorporating magnetic susceptibility $χ_m$---encompassing both constant and lattice-QCD-derived temperature-dependent $χ_m(T)$ parametrizations---and weak-field quantum...
This study develops a weighted framework for measuring the discrepancy between two nonnegative lifetime distributions through cumulative past extropy. We propose two measures, referred to as the weighted cumulative past extropy inaccuracy (WCPEI) and the weighted cumulative past extropy Kullback-Leibler divergence (WCPED). The...
Dexterous manipulation promises substantially richer robot interaction with the physical world, but learning these behaviours remains constrained by the difficulty of collecting consistent, complete-task demonstrations. Unlike parallel-jaw manipulation, dexterous tasks require the operator to coordinate arm motion with precise,...
In quantum physics the order in which different operations occur can be placed in superposition. The resulting processes have an indefinite causal order and are both of fundamental interest and can be viewed as a novel quantum resource that enables a variety of new protocols. Here we report an experimental implementation of one such...