arXiv preprints from January 1, 2026 through September 15, 2026 — 18:04:00 EST
This paper introduces the modeling of circular data with excess zeros under a longitudinal framework, where the response is a circular variable and the covariates can be both linear and circular in nature. In the literature, various circular-circular and circular-linear regression models have been studied and applied to different...
Diversity is an essential concept associated with communication reliability in multipath channels since it determines the slope of bit error rate performance in the medium to high signal-to-noise ratio regions. However, most of the existing analytical frameworks were developed for specific modulation schemes while the efficient...
Quantum computing offers significant speedups for simulating physical, chemical, and biological systems, and for optimization and machine learning. As quantum software grows in complexity, the classical simulation of quantum computers, which has long been essential for quality assurance, becomes infeasible. This shift requires new...
Effective and controllable data selection is critical for LLM instruction tuning, especially with massive open-source datasets. Existing approaches primarily rely on instance-level quality scores, or diversity metrics based on embedding clusters or semantic tags. However, constrained by the flatness of embedding spaces or the...
We introduce RoboBrain 2.5, a next-generation embodied AI foundation model that advances general perception, spatial reasoning, and temporal modeling through extensive training on high-quality spatiotemporal supervision. Building upon its predecessor, RoboBrain 2.5 introduces two major capability upgrades. Specifically, it unlocks...
Ferromagnetic exponential random graph models (ERGMs) are random graph models under which the presence of certain small structures (such as triangles) is encouraged; they can be constructed by tilting an Erdős--Rényi model by the exponential of a particular nonlinear Hamiltonian. These models are mixtures of metastable wells which...
Genetic algorithms are high-level heuristic optimization methods which enjoy great popularity thanks to their intuitive description, flexibility, and, of course, effectiveness. The optimization procedure is based on the evolution of possible solutions following three mechanisms: selection, mutation, and crossover. In this paper, we...
The semisimple module categories over a braided fusion category $\mathcal{C}$ form a connected fusion 2-category $\text{Mod}(\mathcal{C})$. Its Drinfeld center $\mathcal{Z}(\text{Mod}(\mathcal{C}))$ is a braided fusion 2-category. To any braided fusion 2-category, Johnson-Freyd and Reutter arXiv:2105.15167v3 [math.QA] have associated...
AI Agents can perform complex operations at great speed, but just like all the humans we have ever hired, their intelligence remains fallible. Miscommunications aren't noticed, systemic biases have no counter-action, and inner monologues are rarely written down. We did not come to fire them for their mistakes, but to hire them and...
We show that the (toric) local height of a toric variety with respect to a semipositive torus-invariant singular metric is given by the integral of a concave function over a compact convex set. This generalizes a result of Burgos, Philippon, and Sombra for the case of continuous metrics and answers a question raised by Burgos, Kramer,...
We introduce classes of supergraphs and superpermutations with novel universal graphon and permuton limiting objects whose construction involves the two-parameter Poisson-Dirichlet process introduced by Pitman and Yor (1997). We demonstrate the universality of these limiting objects through general invariance principles in a...
The goal of this note is to explore, from a geometric and probabilistic point of view, the dynamics of cone structures adapted to open book decompositions. This is inspired by the picture which arises in the study of the circular restricted three body problem (CR3BP). This yields geometric obstructions to reaching a point from another...
Optical Doppler Tomography (ODT) is an emerging blood flow analysis technique. A 2D ODT image (B-scan) is generated by sequentially acquiring 1D depth-resolved raw A-scans (A-line) along the lateral axis (B-line), followed by Doppler phase-subtraction analysis. To ensure high-fidelity B-scan images, current practices rely on dense...
Interference significantly impacts the performance of industrial wireless networks, particularly n severe interference environments with dense networks reusing spectrum resources intensively. Although delicate interference information is often unavailable in conventional networks, emerging interference cognition techniques can...
Model-sharing platforms, such as Hugging Face, ModelScope, and OpenCSG, have become central to modern machine learning development, enabling developers to share, load, and fine-tune pre-trained models with minimal effort. However, the flexibility of these ecosystems introduces a critical security concern: the execution of untrusted...
We present a comprehensive study of quantum dot (QD) coupling to various phononic modes in a phononic waveguide, combining multiband kp and configuration-interaction (CI) QD state simulations with finite-element waveguide mode modeling. We consider self-assembled Stranski-Krastanov InGaAs/GaAs as well as local droplet-etched...
We present a novel framework for high-fidelity novel view synthesis (NVS) from sparse images, addressing key limitations in recent feed-forward 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) methods built on Vision Transformer (ViT) backbones. While ViT-based pipelines offer strong geometric priors, they are often constrained by low-resolution inputs...
Large language models (LLMs) often struggle in specialized domains such as legal reasoning due to limited expert knowledge, resulting in factually incorrect outputs or hallucinations. This paper presents an effective method for adapting advanced LLMs to German legal question answering through a novel synthetic data generation...
Motivation: Developing high-performing bioinformatics models typically requires repeated cycles of hypothesis formulation, architectural redesign, and empirical validation, making progress slow, labor-intensive, and difficult to reproduce. Although recent LLM-based assistants can automate isolated steps, they lack performance-grounded...
As heterogeneous supercomputing architectures leveraging GPUs become increasingly central to high-performance computing (HPC), it is crucial for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, a de-facto HPC workload, to efficiently utilize such hardware. One of the key challenges of HPC codes is performance portability, i.e. the...
AI tools are suggested as solutions to assist public agencies with heavy workloads. In public defense -- where a constitutional right to counsel meets the complexities of law, overwhelming caseloads, and constrained resources -- practitioners face especially taxing conditions. Yet, there is little evidence of how AI could meaningfully...
While many bounds have been proved for partial trace inequalities over the last decades for a large variety of quantities, recent problems in quantum information theory demand sharper bounds. In this work, we study optimal bounds for partial trace quantities in terms of the spectrum; equivalently, we determine the best bounds...
Concept-based interpretability methods like TCAV require clean, well-separated positive and negative examples for each concept. Existing music datasets lack this structure: tags are sparse, noisy, or ill-defined. We introduce ConceptCaps, a dataset of 21k music-caption-tags triplets with explicit labels from a 200-attribute taxonomy....
We present multi-wavelength observations of the first recorded low state of the intermediate polar BG CMi. Optical monitoring of the source by members of the American Association of Variable Star Observers reveals a decrease of ~0.5 mag that lasted ~50 d in early 2025. During the low state the optical timing properties imply that BG...
In the technique of Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD), the accurate detection and identification of different phases existing in a sample is often limited by overlapping Kikuchi diffraction patterns originating from the extended probing volume of the individual EBSD map points measured in the scanning electron microscope (SEM)....