arXiv preprints from January 1, 2026 through September 16, 2026 — 04:11:39 EST
In this work, we develop a reduced complexity maximum likelihood (ML) decoder for quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes over erasures. Our decoder combines classical inactivation decoding, which integrates peeling with symbolic guessing, with a new dual peeling procedure. In the dual peeling stage, we perform row operations...
The Vera C. Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) will produce unprecedented volumes of heterogeneous astronomical data (images, catalogs, and alerts) that challenge traditional analysis pipelines. The LSST Dark Energy Science Collaboration (DESC) aims to derive robust constraints on dark energy and dark matter...
We propose Q-learning with Adjoint Matching (QAM), a novel TD-based reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm that tackles a long-standing challenge in continuous-action RL: efficient optimization of an expressive diffusion or flow-matching policy with respect to a parameterized Q-function. Effective optimization requires exploiting the...
In Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks, Beam Hopping (BH) technology enables the efficient utilization of limited radio resources by adapting to varying user demands and link conditions. Effective BH planning requires prior knowledge of upcoming traffic at the time of scheduling, making forecasting an important sub-task....
Pixel-based reinforcement learning agents often fail under purely visual distribution shift even when latent dynamics and rewards are unchanged, but existing benchmarks entangle multiple sources of shift and hinder systematic analysis. We introduce KAGE-Env, a JAX-native 2D platformer that factorizes the observation process into...
We obtain new topological restrictions for complete Riemannian manifolds with nonnegative Ricci curvature and RCD(0,n) spaces. Our main results are a Betti number rigidity theorem which answers a question open since work of M.-T. Anderson in 1990, and a vanishing theorem for the simplicial volume generalizing a theorem of M. Gromov...
Multi-agent systems (MAS) are emerging as promising socio-collaborative companions for emotional and cognitive support. However, existing systems frequently suffer from persona collapse, where agents revert to generic, homogenized assistant behaviors, and social sycophancy, where agents produce redundant, non-constructive dialogue. We...
We reconsider back-reaction from large amplitude, short-scale perturbations onto a long wavelength adiabatic mode. In a loop expansion of the long-mode power spectrum, this back-reaction appears first at 1-loop. Due to the separation between the long and short scales, the separate universe method provides a simple and efficient...
Sepsis remains one of the leading causes of mortality in intensive care units, where timely and accurate treatment decisions can significantly impact patient outcomes. In this work, we propose an interpretable decision support framework. Our system integrates four core components: (1) a clustering-based stratification module that...
Respiratory sound analysis is a crucial tool for screening asthma and other pulmonary pathologies, yet traditional auscultation remains subjective and experience-dependent. Our prior research established a CNN baseline using DenseNet201, which demonstrated high sensitivity in classifying respiratory sounds. In this work, we (i) adapt...
We present a systematic investigation of deep learning methods applied to quantum error mitigation of noisy output probability distributions from measured quantum circuits. We compare different architectures, from fully connected neural networks to transformers, and we test different design/training modalities, identifying...
Recently, it has been shown that group Fourier analysis of quantum states, i.e., decomposing them into the irreducible representations (irreps) of a symmetry group, enables new ways to characterize their resourcefulness. Given that quantum phase spaces (QPSs) provide an alternative description of quantum systems, and thus of the...
Deep research agents rely on iterative retrieval and reasoning to answer complex queries, but scaling test-time computation raises significant efficiency concerns. We study how to allocate reasoning budget in deep search pipelines, focusing on the role of listwise reranking. Using the BrowseComp-Plus benchmark, we analyze tradeoffs...
We introduce a general framework for testing temporal symmetries in time series based on the distribution of ordinal patterns. While previous approaches have focused on specific forms of asymmetry, such as time reversal, our method provides a unified framework applicable to arbitrary symmetry tests. We establish asymptotic results for...
The Hubble tension and the unknown origin of dark energy motivate the exploration of alternative mechanisms for late-time cosmic acceleration. We investigate gravitationally induced particle creation (PC) as a non-equilibrium process that can effectively mimic dynamical dark energy. Within the thermodynamic framework of open systems,...
Deliberative processes are often discussed as increasing or decreasing polarization. This approach misses a different, and arguably more diagnostic, dimension of opinion change: whether deliberation reshuffles who agrees with whom, or simply moves everyone in parallel while preserving the pre-deliberation rank ordering. We introduce...
Two-channel modulo analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) enable high-dynamic-range signal sensing at the Nyquist rate per channel, but existing designs quantise both channel outputs independently, incurring redundant bitrate costs. This paper proposes a bit-efficient quantisation scheme that exploits the integer-valued structure of...
The evolution of radio jet morphology and its energetics is significantly influenced by the environment in which the host galaxy resides. As giant radio galaxies (GRGs) often extend to the scale of entire galaxy clusters ($\sim$Mpc) and beyond, they are a suitable class of objects for studying jet--intracluster medium interactions....
The forbidden lines of [Fe XIII] at 10,747 Angstrom and 10,798 Angsrtom are among the most prominent lines in the near-infrared spectrum of the solar corona. They have been used routinely, both outside and during eclipses, as sensitive probes of the electron density and polarization in the solar corona. Many novae pass through a...
Audio restoration consists in inverting degradations of a digital audio signal to recover what would have been the pristine quality signal before the degradation occurred. This is valuable in contexts such as archives of music recordings, particularly those of precious historical value, for which a clean version may have been lost or...
Integer and fractional Chern insulators exhibit a nonzero quantized anomalous Hall conductivity due to a spontaneous breaking of time reversal symmetry. To identify nontrivial topology in their time-reversal symmetric many-body spectra, we introduce many-body Euler numbers as a counterpart to many-body Chern numbers. Exemplarily, we...
Since the first famous correspondence theorem by Mikhalkin appeared in 2005, tropical geometry has allowed a parallel treatment of real and complex counting problems. A prime example are the genus 0 Gromov-Witten invariants of the plane which count rational plane curves of degree d satisfying point conditions and their real...
Roughly half of Sun-like stars have at least one stellar companion, whereas it is widely assumed that most known exoplanets orbit single stars, largely due to observational biases. However, astrometric surveys, direct imaging, and speckle interferometry are steadily increasing the number of confirmed exoplanets in binaries. A stellar...
Binary stars are as common as single stars. The number of detected planets orbiting binaries is rapidly increasing thanks to the synergy between transit surveys, Gaia and high-resolution direct imaging campaigns. However, global planet formation models around binary stars are still underdeveloped, which limits the theoretical...
The maintenance of diversity in complex ecological communities despite unpredictable dynamics and competitive exclusion is thought to require continual influx of new species or competitive advantages that accrue as species become rare. We examine isolated planktonic microbial communities under permanent ice cover in Antarctic lakes,...