arXiv preprints from January 1, 2026 through September 22, 2026 — 05:30:38 EST
All-in-one image restoration aims to adaptively handle multiple restoration tasks with a single trained model. Although existing methods achieve promising results by introducing prompt information or leveraging large models, the added learning modules increase system complexity and hinder real-time applicability. In this paper, we...
Automated analysis of needle electromyography (nEMG) signals is emerging as a tool to support the detection of neuromuscular diseases (NMDs), yet the signals' high and heterogeneous sampling rates pose substantial computational challenges for feature-based machine-learning models, particularly for near real-time analysis. Downsampling...
Historically, the focus in entanglement distillation has predominantly been on the distillable entanglement, and the framework assumes complete knowledge of the initial state. In this paper, we study the reliability function of entanglement distillation, which specifies the optimal exponent of the decay of the distillation error when...
Decarbonizing the global energy supply requires more efficient heating and cooling systems. Model predictive control enhances the operation of cooling and heating systems but depends on accurate system models, often based on control volumes. We present an automated framework including time discretization to generate model predictive...
We present a physical characterization of TMTS J00063798+3104160 (J0006), a rapidly rotating,ultra-massive white dwarf (WD) identified in high-cadence light curves from the Tsinghua University-Ma Huateng Telescope for Survey (TMTS). A coherent 23-minute periodicity is detected in TMTS, TESS, and ZTF photometry. A time series of...
Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable strides in multilingual translation but are hindered by a systemic cross-lingual verbosity bias, rendering them unsuitable for strict time-constrained tasks like subtitling and dubbing. Current prompt-engineering approaches struggle to resolve this conflict between semantic...
The hydration of magnesium oxide (MgO) to magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)$_2$) is a fundamental solid-surface chemical reaction with significant implications for materials science. Yet its molecular-level mechanism from water adsorption to Mg(OH)$_2$ nucleation and growth remains elusive due to its complex and multi-step nature. Here, we...
This paper compares two similar diffusion equations that appear in meteorology. One is the quasi-geostrophic equation, and the other is the convection-diffusion equation. Both are two-dimensional bilinear equations, and the order of differentiation is the same. Naturally, their scales also coincide. However, the direction in which the...
We review and study the correspondence between discrete linear lattice/chain models of interacting particles and their continuous counterparts represented by linear partial differential equations. In particular, we study the correspondence problem for linear nearest neighbour interaction lattice models as well as for linear...
Altermagnets -- newly identified collinear antiferromagnets -- carry zero net moment with non-relativistic, spin-polarized bands, distilling the best of ferromagnets and antiferromagnets into a single spintronic platform. Shrunking to the two-dimensional limit, they inherit the tunability of two-dimensional crystals while adding...
The influence of varying the number of bilayers (N) on the anomalous Hall effect (AHE) in sputtered Si/Fe multilayers has been investigated. Both the AHE and magnetisation data reveal the in-plane magnetic anisotropy in the samples. Large enhancement of about 24 times in the saturation anomalous Hall resistance (R_Ahs) and anomalous...
Accurately predicting long-term rainfall is challenging. Global climate indices, such as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, are standard input features for machine learning. However, a significant gap persists regarding local-scale indices capable of improving predictive accuracy in specific regions of Thailand. This paper introduces a...
Pre-trained models operating directly on raw bytes have achieved promising performance in encrypted network traffic classification (NTC), but often suffer from shortcut learning-relying on spurious correlations that fail to generalize to real-world data. Existing solutions heavily rely on model-specific interpretation techniques,...
This paper investigates the three-dimensional (3D) deployment of uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) as aerial base stations in heterogeneous communication networks under constraints imposed by diverse ground obstacles. Given the diverse data demands of user equipments (UEs), a user satisfaction model is developed to provide personalized...
This paper presents a customized microgrid planning algorithm and tool, HyMGP, for remote sites in arid regions, which is formulated as a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) problem. HyMGP is compared with HOMER Pro to evaluate its performance in optimizing the sizing of microgrid components, including photovoltaic panels (PVs),...
Distributed linearly separable computation is a fundamental problem in large-scale distributed systems, requiring the computation of linearly separable functions over different datasets across distributed workers. This paper studies a heterogeneous distributed linearly separable computation problem, including one master and N...
Customer Lifetime Value (LTV) prediction, a central problem in modern marketing, is characterized by a unique zero-inflated and long-tail data distribution. This distribution presents two fundamental challenges: (1) the vast majority of low-to-medium value users numerically overwhelm the small but critically important segment of...
We establish a rigorous mathematical framework connecting graphene nanoribbon quantum sensing to the Lambert W function through the finite square well (FSW) analogy. The Lambert W function, defined as the inverse of $f(W) = We^W$, provides exact analytical solutions to transcendental equations governing quantum confinement. We...
This paper studies the multi-access coded caching (MACC) problem with arbitrary user-cache access topology, which extends existing MACC models that rely on highly structured and combinatorially designed topologies. We consider a MACC system consisting of a single server, $Λ$ cache-nodes, and $K$ user-nodes. The server stores $N$...
Gallium oxide (Ga2O3) is a wide-bandgap semiconductor with promising applications in high-power and high-frequency electronics. However, its complex polymorphic nature poses substantial challenges for fundamental studies, particularly in understanding phase-transformation behaviors under nonequilibrium conditions. Here, we develop a...
Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled the development of powerful agentic systems capable of automating complex workflows across various fields. However, these systems are highly vulnerable to indirect prompt injection attacks, where malicious instructions embedded in external data can hijack agent behavior. In this work, we...
Numerical computations involving rational matrices often benefit from preserving underlying matrix structures such as symmetry, Hermitian properties, or sparsity that reflect physical, geometric, or algebraic characteristics of the system. Maintaining such structures enhances stability, accuracy, and efficiency. Linearization, a...
We investigate the structures of $^{10}$C focusing on the quadrupole properties in comparison with the mirror nucleus $^{10}$Be. We describe $^{10}$C and $^{10}$Be in the variation of the multiple bases of the antisymmetrized molecular dynamics (AMD), in which the multiple AMD bases are optimized simultaneously in the total-energy...
A circuit double cover of a bridgeless graph is a collection of even subgraphs such that every edge is contained in exactly two subgraphs of the given collection. Such a circuit double cover describes an embedding of the corresponding graph onto a surface. In this paper, we investigate the well-known Orientable Strong Embedding...
Quasi-cyclic (QC) LDPC codes with large girths play a crucial role in several research and application fields, including channel coding, compressed sensing and distributed storage systems. A major challenge in respect of the code construction is how to obtain such codes with the shortest possible length (or equivalently, the smallest...