arXiv preprints from January 1, 2026 through September 22, 2026 — 13:12:20 EST
We present near-infrared parallax and proper motion astrometry for 74 L-dwarfs and 99 T-dwarfs, as single objects or in binary systems, obtained with the ASTROCAM astrometric imager on the USNO, Flagstaff Station 1.55-m telescope over two observing periods. For all 173 objects the median number of observational epochs was 62 with a...
We utilize Gaia DR3 data to report the discovery of a new star cluster, Nasser 1, located 32 arcmin from Czernik 38 at coordinates $α= 282.11 \pm 0.05$ and $δ= 4.56 \pm 0.05$. Using a variable membership probability threshold technique with pyUPMASK, we confirm Nasser 1 as a genuine open cluster. It exhibits a distinct King profile...
We prove that the Transformer self-attention mechanism in the high-confidence regime ($β\to \infty$, where $β$ is an inverse temperature) operates in the tropical semiring (max-plus algebra). In particular, we show that taking the tropical limit of the softmax attention converts it into a tropical matrix product. This reveals that the...
We characterize projections among positive norm-one elements in unital C$^*$-algebras in pure geometric terms determined by the norm of the underlying Banach space. Concretely, let $A$ be a C$^*$-algebra (or a JB$^*$-algebra) whose positive cone and unit sphere are denoted by ${A}^+$ and $\mathrm{S}_{A}$, respectively. The positive...
Extracting the complete quantum geometric and topological character of Bloch wavefunctions from experiments remains a challenge in condensed matter physics. Here, we resolve this by introducing the "wavefunction form factor" (WFF) matrix, a quantity directly constructible from intensities in momentum- and energy-resolved...
We present STEP3-VL-10B, a lightweight open-source foundation model designed to redefine the trade-off between compact efficiency and frontier-level multimodal intelligence. STEP3-VL-10B is realized through two strategic shifts: first, a unified, fully unfrozen pre-training strategy on 1.2T multimodal tokens that integrates a...
Multi-agent systems have evolved into practical LLM-driven collaborators for many applications, gaining robustness from diversity and cross-checking. However, multi-agent RL (MARL) training is resource-intensive and unstable: co-adapting teammates induce non-stationarity, and rewards are often sparse and high-variance. Therefore, we...
We prove an infinite-dimensional version of "quantization commutes with reduction" in the framework of geometric quantization of Chern-Simons gauge theory, focusing on the genus one case. The proof is complex-analytic and relies on the Atiyah-Bott stack and the Chern-Simons line bundle.
Monocular visual SLAM enables 3D reconstruction from internet video and autonomous navigation on resource-constrained platforms, yet suffers from scale drift, i.e., the gradual divergence of estimated scale over long sequences. Existing frame-to-frame methods achieve real-time performance through local optimization but accumulate...
This paper investigates the inflationary dynamics of a $β$-exponential potential model within the framework of non-minimally coupled quadratic $(R+R^2)$ gravity. The functional form of the adopted potential provides a well-motivated framework; its physical origin can be interpreted either as the stabilization dynamics of a radion...
Identifying individual animals in long-duration videos is essential for behavioral ecology, wildlife monitoring, and livestock management. Traditional methods require extensive manual annotation, while existing self-supervised approaches are computationally demanding and ill-suited for long sequences due to memory constraints and...
For oriented surfaces $Σ$ with boundary, we consider the infinite-dimensional deformation space of projective structures on $Σ$ with nondegenerate boundary, up to isotopies fixing the boundary. We show that this space carries a natural symplectic structure, and is a Hamiltonian space for the symplectic groupoid integrating the...
Large-scale vision-language models such as CLIP achieve strong zero-shot recognition but struggle with classes that are rarely seen during pretraining, including newly emerging entities and culturally specific categories. We introduce LiteEmbed, a lightweight framework for few-shot personalization of CLIP that enables new classes to...
In this work, we characterized the material properties of an animal model of the rotator cuff tendon using full volume datasets of both its intact and injured states by capturing internal strain behavior throughout the tendon. Our experimental setup, involving tension along the fiber direction, activated volumetric, tensile, and shear...
While Kolmogorov's probability axioms are widely recognized, it is less well known that in an often-overlooked 1930 note, Kolmogorov proposed an axiomatic framework for a unifying concept of the mean -- referred to as regular means. This framework yields a well-defined functional form encompassing the arithmetic, geometric, and...
Estimating physically accurate, simulation-ready garments from a single image is challenging due to the absence of image-to-physics datasets and the ill-posed nature of this problem. Prior methods either require multi-view capture and expensive differentiable simulation or predict only garment geometry without the material properties...
This paper presents a novel syllable-based tokenization approach for Indonesian large language models, inspired by the Gasing Literacy Learning System's pedagogical methodology. Drawing on information-theoretic principles, we develop a tokenization framework that segments Indonesian text at syllable boundaries before applying...
For a model convection-diffusion problem, we address the presence of oscillatory discrete solutions, and study difficulties in recovering standard approximation results for its solution. We justify the presence of non-physical oscillations and propose ways to eliminate oscillations. A new approach for error analysis that requires...
The concepts of hypocoercivity and hypocontractivity and their relationship are studied for semi-dissipative continuous-time and discrete-time evolution equations in a Hilbert space setting. New proofs for the characterization of the short-time decay of the solution from the initial value are presented, that in particular characterize...
We consider the Kerr black hole shadow contour as a geometric object whose essential shape can be captured by a small set of physically transparent descriptors. Starting from exact critical-curve calculations, we map each contour to a centered radial profile and retain five quantities: the mean radius, the horizontal centroid shift,...
Tabular Foundation Models (TFMs) have recently shown strong in-context learning capabilities on structured data, achieving zero-shot performance comparable to traditional machine learning methods. We find that zero-shot TFMs already achieve strong performance, while the benefits of fine-tuning are highly model and data-dependent....
The exchange bias (EB) effect, arising from interfacial coupling between ferromagnetic (FM) and antiferromagnetic (AF) layers, induces a unidirectional magnetic anisotropy and underpins a wide range of spintronic functionalities. Extending the EB effect to three-dimensional (3D) architectures enables investigation of interfacial...
Underwater video analysis is particularly challenging due to factors such as low lighting, color distortion, and turbidity, which compromise visual data quality and directly impact the performance of perception modules in robotic applications. This work proposes AquaFeat+, a plug-and-play pipeline designed to enhance features...
Molecular spins are promising candidates for quantum information science, leveraging coherent electronic spin states for quantum sensing and computation. However, the practical application of these systems is hindered by electronic spin decoherence, driven by interactions with nuclear spins in the molecule and the surrounding...
We consider the realisation problem for normal 1-types of 4-manifolds with a given boundary. More precisely, given a normal 1-type $ξ$ and closed 3-dimensional $ξ$-manifold $Y$, does there exist a compact 4-dimensional $ξ$-manifold with boundary $Y$? We describe a three stage obstruction theory for the existence of such a 4-manifold,...