arXiv preprints from January 1, 2026 through September 22, 2026 — 18:06:17 EST
In this Letter, we propose a strategy to extract information on the hierarchical amplitude pair in singly Cabibbo-suppressed (SCS) charmed baryon two-body decays, with a dominant amplitude proportional to $λ_s = V_{cs}^* V_{us}$ from tree operators and sub-leading one proportional to $λ_b = V_{cb}^* V_{ub}$ from both penguin and tree...
Geometry is wavy: even at the purely geometric level (no particular theory chosen), curvature satisfies a covariant quasilinear wave equation. In Riemannian geometry equipped with the Levi-Civita connection, the Riemann curvature tensor obeys a wave equation of the schematic form \[ \Box Riem=\mathcal{Q}(Riem,Riem), \] where...
Despite the recent advancements in NLP with the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs), Entity Linking (EL) for historical texts remains challenging due to linguistic variation, noisy inputs, and evolving semantic conventions. Existing solutions either require substantial training data or rely on domain-specific rules that limit...
Large models such as Vision Transformers (ViTs) have demonstrated remarkable superiority over smaller architectures like ResNet in few-shot classification, owing to their powerful representational capacity. However, fine-tuning such large models demands extensive GPU memory and prolonged training time, making them impractical for many...
We present a semi-discrete finite volume scheme for the local NavierStokes-Korteweg and Euler-Korteweg systems. Our scheme is applicable for equidistant Cartesian meshes in one and two space dimensions. In contrast to other works, which employ, for example, hyperbolic approximations of the equations or auxiliary-variable approaches...
Session-based recommendation systems must capture implicit user intents from sessions. However, existing models suffer from issues such as item interaction dominance and noisy sessions. We propose a multi-channel recommendation model, including a knowledge graph channel, a session hypergraph channel, and a session line graph channel,...
We report on the design, development, and installation of the ALPS Cryo-Platform Subcooler Box (ACPS), which is part of the cryogenic platform being established in the HERA North Hall at DESY to supply helium for cooling large-scale dark-matter and gravitational-wave experiments with very high heat loads. The ACPS is capable of...
Scalable trapped-ion quantum computing requires fast and reliable transport of ions through complex, segmented radiofrequency trap architectures without inducing excessive motional excitation. We present a numerical toolchain for the systematic generation of time-dependent electrode voltages enabling fast, low-excitation ion shuttling...
Modern second order solvers for convex optimisation, such as interior point methods, rely on primal dual information and are difficult to warm start, limiting their applicability in real time control. We propose the PVM, a duality free framework that reformulates the constrained problem as the unconstrained minimisation of a value...
Few-shot class-incremental learning (FSCIL) aims to continually adapt a model on a limited number of new-class examples, facing two well-known challenges: catastrophic forgetting and overfitting to new classes. Existing methods tend to freeze more parts of network components and finetune others with an extra memory during incremental...
We consider linear single-path loops of the form \[ \textbf{while} \quad \varphi \quad \textbf{do} \quad \vec{x} \gets A \vec{x} + \vec{b} \quad \textbf{end} \] where $\vec{x}$ is a vector of variables, the loop guard $\varphi$ is a conjunction of linear inequations over the variables $\vec{x}$, and the update of the loop is...
The rise of online counseling services has highlighted the need for effective training methods for future counselors. This paper extends research on VirCo, a Virtual Client for Online Counseling, designed to complement traditional role-playing methods in academic training by simulating realistic client interactions. Building on...
Internet of underwater things (IoUT) is increasingly gathering attention with the aim of monitoring sea life and deep ocean environment, underwater surveillance as well as maintenance of underwater installments. However, conventional IoUT devices, reliant on battery power, face limitations in lifespan and pose environmental hazards...
We investigate a failure mode of large language models (LLMs) in which plain-text prompts elicit excessive outputs, a phenomenon we term Overflow. Unlike jailbreaks or prompt injection, Overflow arises under ordinary interaction settings and can lead to elevated serving cost, latency, and cross-user performance degradation,...
Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) criteria are essential for evaluating corporate sustainability and ethical performance. However, professional ESG analysis is hindered by data fragmentation across unstructured sources, and existing large language models (LLMs) often struggle with the complex, multi-step workflows required...
We compute the full one-loop corrections to the primordial tensor power spectrum in an inflationary scenario with a {non-canonical spectator field}, using the in-in formalism. We derive semi-analytic results for the scalar-sourced one-loop tensor spectrum and the effective tensor-to-scalar ratio, $r_{\mathrm{eff}}$. We consider two...
Deepfakes are synthetic media generated by artificial intelligence, with positive applications in education and creativity, but also serious negative impacts such as fraud, misinformation, and privacy violations. Although detection techniques have advanced, comprehensive evaluation methods that go beyond classification performance...
Recent reports of large language models (LLMs) exhibiting behaviors such as deception, threats, or blackmail are often interpreted as evidence of alignment failure or emergent malign agency. We argue that this interpretation rests on a conceptual error. LLMs do not reason morally; they statistically internalize the record of human...
In this paper, we concern with the ergodic linear-quadratic closed-loop optimal control problems with random periodic coefficients. We put forward the random periodic mean-square exponentially stable condition, and prove the random periodicity of solutions to state equation based on it. Then we prove the existence and uniqueness of...
Modern quantum optics primarily operates in the quasistationary regime, isolated from the intrinsic timescales of ultrafast optical fields. Pushing these boundaries into the femtosecond and attosecond domains is a critical frontier. Here, we generate, shape, and interrogate the quantum state of an ultrafast squeezed light field. Our...
Mass spectrometry studies of odd-odd light rare-earth nuclei by Orford et al. [Phys. Rev. C 102, 011303(R) (2020)] suggested the existence of new isomers in the neutron rich isotopes $^{162}$Tb and $^{164}$Tb. More recently, Stryjczyk et al. [Phys. Rev. C 111, 049801 (2025)] commented on the former, citing inconsistencies between the...
Retrieval Augmented Generation faces a trade-off: concatenating documents in a long prompt enables multi-document reasoning but creates prefill bottlenecks, while encoding document KV caches separately offers speed but breaks cross-document interaction. We propose Parallel Context-of-Experts Decoding (Pced), a training-free framework...
Nilpotent evolution algebras of maximal nilindex admit a natural basis in which the structure matrix is strictly upper triangular. In this paper we classify Rota{Baxter operators of weights zero and one on such algebras. We prove that every Rota{Baxter operator is upper triangular with respect to a natural basis. For weight zero, a...
While large language models (LLMs) have increasingly been applied to hate speech detoxification, the prompts often trigger safety alerts, causing LLMs to refuse the task. In this study, we systematically investigate false refusal behavior in hate speech detoxification and analyze the contextual and linguistic biases that trigger such...
The Radial Spanning Tree (RST) in dimension $d\geq2$ is a random geometric graph constructed on a homogeneous Poisson point process $\mathcal N$ in $\mathbb R^d$ augmented by the origin, with edges connecting each $x\in\mathcal N$ to the nearest point $y\in\mathcal N\cup\{0\}$ that lies closer to $0$ than $x$, with respect to the...