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arXiv preprints from January 1, 2026 through September 8, 2026 — 20:45:33 EST

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Posted in astro-ph.SR · 2026-08-27 · András Gáspár, Jarron M. Leisenring, Schuyler Grace Wolff, Kellen Lawson, George H. Rieke, Dingshan Deng, Marcia J. Rieke, Antranik A. Sefilian, Charles Beichman, Joshua B. Lovell, John Krist, Marie Ygouf, Jorge Llop-Sayson, Geoffrey Bryden, Christopher C. Stark, Christine H. Chen

The JWST/NIRCam Scattered Light Disks GTO 2780 program: panchromatic coronagraphic imaging of the HD 10647, HD 32297, HD 61005, HD 107146, and HD 181327 debris disk systems

Debris disks, composed of rocks, boulders, planetesimals, and the dust produced in their collisions, present the most readily observable components of mature planetary systems. They also serve as valuable diagnostic tools, enabling studies of planetary dynamical interactions and mineral compositions. Observed from optical to radio...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2608.27437v1PDF
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Posted in nlin.AO · 2026-08-27 · Kai Tokunaga

Low-Dimensional Reduction Theory for Populations of Phase Oscillators with a Gaussian Frequency Distribution

Low-dimensional reduction theories such as the Ott-Antonsen ansatz have played a crucial role in the study of populations of coupled oscillators. Their application, however, has largely been restricted to systems with frequency distributions of rational-function form, such as the Cauchy distribution. For such distributions, the...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2608.27436v1PDF
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Posted in math.RA · 2026-08-27 · A. Dauletiyarova, F. Mashurov, B. Sartayev

Free Novikov-Zinbiel algebra

Let $A$ be a commutative-associative algebra with an invertible derivation $D$, and put $R=D^{-1}$. We study the operations \begin{equation*} x\succ y=R(x)y,\qquad x\prec y=xD(y), \end{equation*} which define a Novikov-Zinbiel algebra. Using a simple graded model, we represent multilinear $\prec,\succ$-monomials by rational functions...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2608.27435v1PDF
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Posted in math.AG · 2026-08-27 · Martin Kassabov, J. M. Landsberg, Victor Souza, Philip Speegle

Disjoint and nearly disjoint sums of matrix multiplication tensors and their centroids

This paper addresses centroids, which are fundamental invariants of tensors. Our main results are as follows: (i) The construction of explicit tensors with very large centroids, whereas previously it had been conjectured that none such exist. (ii) An upper bound on the dimension of the centroid that is essentially attained by our...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2608.27434v1PDF
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Posted in q-bio.PE · 2026-08-27 · Carson Dudley, Reiden Magdaleno, Marisa Eisenberg

Reservoir: A Large-Scale Simulated Dataset for Training and Evaluating Epidemiological Models

Large-scale, standardized datasets have driven many advances in AI-based scientific modeling, from protein structure prediction to natural language processing. Infectious disease epidemiology is increasingly adopting AI methods for forecasting, surveillance, and outbreak analytics, but the time-series data available to train them...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2608.27408v1PDF
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Posted in q-bio.OT · 2026-08-27 · Joseph G. Shuttleworth, Simon P. Preston Chon Lok Lei, Etienne Farcot, Gary R. Mirams

Conservative deterministic Markov models in mathematical biology: uniqueness of steady states, reversibility and computational methods

Ordinary differential equations are commonly used throughout the sciences to build mechanistic models of time-dependent processes. Often, such models are Markov models describing the time-evolution of different interconnected "states". When these models have no "sources" or "sinks", they naturally conserve the total population of the...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2608.27252v1PDF
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Posted in math.DS · 2026-08-27 · Nicola Vassena

Sequential and distributive dual futile cycle: Hopf bifurcation can occur under parameter-rich kinetics but cannot occur under mass action kinetics

This paper establishes that the system of ordinary differential equations arising from the sequential and distributive dual futile cycle has the structural capacity for Hopf bifurcations, whenever it is endowed with general parameter-rich kinetics, but it loses such capacity if it is endowed with mass action kinetics. The proof of the...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2608.27081v1PDF
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Posted in q-bio.QM · 2026-08-27 · Shuguang Yang, Ziyi Wang, Yujing Shen, Junyi Li, Yujing Nie, Feizhen Cao, Suiping Wang

Surf_2_Volume: a workflow for converting CIFTI parcellations to NIfTI volume space

Parcellations distributed in Connectivity Informatics Technology Initiative (CIFTI) format cannot be used directly in many analysis programs that require volume input. Existing conversion options may leave voxels in cortical gray matter unlabeled or assign labels outside gray matter, depending on the mapping parameters. We present...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2608.27012v1PDF
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Posted in q-bio.NC · 2026-08-27 · Marit Boxum, Gabriel Rodrigues Palma, Robin Jansen, Iris A. Bastmeijer, Sanya Dalal, Eva Woods, Narin Suleyman, Eileen Rose Giglia, Aoife Troy, Abby Field, Serena Plaitano, Marjorie Metzger, Niall Pender, Orla Hardiman, Leonard H. van den Berg, Roisin McMackin, Stefan Dukic

Beta oscillation changes in ALS: A Dual-Site International Replication Study

Reproducible biomarkers that monitor motor and cognitive dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are needed. Previous work reported reduced beta-band event-related desynchronization (ERD) and attenuated post-movement event-related synchronization (ERS) in frontal and parietal channels during the sustained attention to...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2608.27003v1PDF
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Posted in q-bio.QM · 2026-08-27 · Md Fantacher Islam, Jarrod Mosier, Vignesh Subbian

DINIRS: Digital Twin for Individualized Treatment Effects of Non-Invasive Respiratory Support Strategies

Objective: Choosing between noninvasive respiratory support (NIRS) and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) for patients with acute respiratory failure is a complex, time-sensitive decision with heterogeneous treatment effects across patient subgroups. Although clinical trials and guidelines provide population-level guidance, it...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2608.26915v1PDF
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Posted in q-bio.QM · 2026-08-27 · Siyuan Ma, Yi Chai, Yi Wu, Qixin Zhang, Yajing Yuan, Kanglu Zhao, Zhikang Chen, Haowei Wang, Shuying Cao, Xiaolei Yu, Xiangfei Han, Yun Liu, Yang Liu, Tingting Zhu, Dacheng Tao

RegimeFormer: A Large Protein Model of Global Perturbation Regimes

Protein language models organize sequence and structure at scale, but a global representation of how proteins respond to mutation remains lacking. We present RegimeFormer, a large protein perturbation model coupled to RegimeAtlas, constructed by harmonizing and indexing 202,556,313 non-redundant protein sequences across the tree of...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2608.26586v1PDF
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Posted in cs.LG · 2026-08-27 · Sean Lim

Predicting Quantifiability from Primary Screens to Prioritize Dose-Response Profiling

High-throughput drug screening relies on low-cost primary assays to prioritize compounds for more expensive dose-response profiling, where potency is ultimately quantified. Current screening strategies largely focus on identifying compounds that will confirm biological activity on follow-up, implicitly assuming that confirmed activity...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2608.26538v1PDF
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Posted in q-bio.NC · 2026-08-27 · Christoffer G. Alexandersen, Dani S. Bassett

Hysteresis and multistability in network spreading with neuronal activity feedback

Spreading processes on networks often interact with other dynamics on the same nodes. Neurodegenerative disease provides one example: pathological proteins spread through anatomical connections, while neuronal activity influences and is altered by their spread, forming a spreading-activity feedback loop. However, models coupling...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2608.26528v1PDF
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Posted in cs.DS · 2026-08-27 · Aaron Li, Yifan Li, Drew DeHaas, Giulia Guidi

Cheaper by the Batch: Shared Traversal for Genotype Graph Editing

Updating a graph by inserting or replacing nodes while preserving semantics and reusing existing structure is a recurring computational problem. In population genetics, this problem arises in the genotype representation graph (GRG), a directed acyclic graph that losslessly encodes phased genetic variation across hundreds of thousands...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2608.26488v1PDF
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Posted in q-bio.QM · 2026-08-26 · Siddharth Setlur, Djordje Mihajlovic, Darrick Lee

Interpreting Latent Protein Language Model Features with Geometric Annotations

Protein language models (pLMs) encode information about protein sequences which enable downstream tasks such as structure prediction, but their internal representations are not well understood. Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) provide a promising tool to disentangle latent pLM representations into interpretable features, but existing...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2608.26419v1PDF
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Posted in cs.AI · 2026-08-26 · Aamir Sohail, Xintong Zhong, Arkady Konovalov, Patricia L. Lockwood, Lei Zhang

Assessing mentalization in humans and large language models

Mentalization - the ability to infer others' beliefs and intentions to guide one's own choices - is a key cognitive function underlying human social interactions. Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate behaviour consistent with humans on theory-of-mind tasks, yet whether these models can guide adaptive behaviour through...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2608.26291v1PDF
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Posted in q-bio.QM · 2026-08-26 · Yeqing Lu, Xiaoyan Zhao, Fuli Feng

PathoMIC: A Benchmark for Cross-Species Antimicrobial Peptide Activity Prediction

With activity against multidrug-resistant pathogens and mechanisms distinct from conventional antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) offer a promising approach to combating antibiotic-resistant infections. However, their potency varies substantially across pathogen species, making accurate prediction of the minimum inhibitory...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2608.26228v1PDF
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Posted in q-bio.QM · 2026-08-26 · Zhiqi Lee, Haowen Li, Tao Liu, Shiyuan Zhang, Bingjie Wang, Jinzhao Fan, Yunkai Zhang, Zhuonan Wang, Lijun Bai

Multimodal risk trajectories reveal heterogeneous paths to dementia

Dementia comprises biologically heterogeneous disorders, yet current risk assessment provides limited insight into how subtype-specific risk emerges and diverges before clinical diagnosis. We developed NetMoint, a multimodal framework integrating partially observed plasma proteomic, structural magnetic resonance imaging and cerebral...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2608.26210v1PDF
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Posted in math.PR · 2026-08-27 · Wasamon Jantai, Nathakhun Wiroonsri

An approximate zero bias transformation for random sums: Applications to sampling with outliers, auto insurance, and generative AI

We develop $L^1$ bounds for the difference between a test function of a random sum and a standard normal random variable, where the summands are assumed to be independent but not necessarily identically distributed. The bounds are obtained through a new version of the approximate zero bias transformation specifically developed for...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2608.27143v1PDF
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Posted in stat.ME · 2026-08-27 · Olli Saarela, Juha Karvanen

Graph-based causal variance decompositions: When "variance explained" means causation

Recursive application of the law of total variance decomposes the marginal variance of an outcome into components attributed to explanatory variables and a residual component. The resulting decomposition depends on the chosen conditioning order, and its components do not in general have causal interpretations. We develop a graph-based...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2608.27140v1PDF
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Posted in cs.LG · 2026-08-27 · Kiarash Rezaei, Mehdi Sattari, Javad Aliakbari, Tommy Svensson, Paolo Monti, Carlos Natalino

TRACE-CRC: Trajectory-Adaptive Conformal Risk Control for Multi-Step Channel State Information Prediction

Reliable prediction of time-varying channel state information (CSI) is essential for efficient wireless communication. Each CSI frame is a matrix-valued representation of the wireless channel response, and a sequence of CSI frames forms a temporal channel trajectory. Modern deep learning-based CSI predictors, however, often provide...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2608.27124v1PDF
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Posted in stat.AP · 2026-08-27 · Markus Sauerberg

The Wasserstein Distance for Mortality Comparisons: Absolute versus Net Differences in Survival

It is well known that the gap in life expectancy at birth can be seen as the net difference between two survivorship functions. When calculating the absolute difference between the two survivorship functions instead, we derive a distributional inequality measure which is called the Wasserstein distance. The measure quantifies how far...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2608.27120v1PDF
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Posted in stat.AP · 2026-08-27 · Lulu Jiang, David Bolin

Modeling Spatially Obfuscated Street-Crime Data using Log-Gaussian Cox Processes on Metric Graphs

We develop a log-Gaussian Cox process framework for modelling street-level crime data observed on a road network when the released event locations are spatially obfuscated. Motivated by UK Police street-level crime data, where published coordinates are anonymised proxy locations rather than exact event locations, we address the...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2608.27117v1PDF
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Posted in stat.ML · 2026-08-27 · Jitao Xu, Nobuo Sato, Yaohang Li

Active Diffusion-Based Inference for Ill-Posed Inverse Problems under Incomplete Priors

Many scientific and engineering applications require estimating unknown parameters from experimentally observable data -- an inverse problem that is inherently challenging due to nonlinearity, noise, and ill-posedness. In this paper, we propose an active diffusion-based inverse problem solver. A DM is trained to learn the mapping...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2608.27080v1PDF
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Posted in stat.ME · 2026-08-27 · Laura Montagnani, Anthony CC Coolen, Marianne A Jonker

An Accurate and Single-Communication Federated Inference Algorithm

Joint analyses across multiple institutions are increasingly important in biomedical and epidemiological research, particularly for rare diseases where datasets are typical small. However, privacy regulations and institutional policies often prevent the sharing of individual-level patient data. In this paper we present an accurate and...

💬 0 commentsarXiv:2608.27063v1PDF