arXiv preprints from January 1, 2026 through September 23, 2026 — 05:24:07 EST
Artificial intelligence (AI) has become a transformative force across global societies, reshaping the ways we communicate, collaborate, and make decisions. Yet, as AI systems increasingly mediate interactions between humans, questions about the ability to take into account and understand culture, language, and context have taken...
Benchmarks measure whether a model is correct. They do not measure whether a model is reliable. This distinction is largely academic for single-shot inference, but becomes critical for agentic AI systems, where a single rephrased prompt can trigger cascading failures in multi-step execution. Yet this form of instability is not...
This article addresses two central problems in the theory of quandle rings. First, motivated by Conjecture 3.10 in Internat. J. Math. 34 (2023), no. 3, Paper No. 2350011: for a semi-latin quandle $X$, every nonzero idempotent in the integral quandle ring $\mathbb{Z}[X]$ necessarily corresponds to an element of $X$, we investigate...
This paper introduces a novel Multi-Agent Cooperative Learning (MACL) framework to address cross-modal alignment collapse in vision-language models when handling out-of-distribution (OOD) concepts. Four core agents, including image, text, name, and coordination agents, collaboratively mitigate modality imbalance through structured...
Medical hyperspectral imaging (MHSI) has shown strong potential for disease diagnosis by capturing spectral-spatial information of tissues. While deep learning has substantially improved MHSI classification accuracy, its robustness remains limited due to the well-known trade-off between accuracy and robustness in Deep Neural Networks...
As high-quality data becomes increasingly difficult to obtain, data-free self-evolution has emerged as a promising paradigm. This approach allows large language models (LLMs) to autonomously generate and solve complex problems, thereby improving their reasoning capabilities. However, multi-turn search agents struggle in data-free...
Multi-hop question answering is widely used to evaluate the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs), as it requires integrating multiple pieces of supporting knowledge to arrive at a correct answer. While prior work has explored different mechanisms for providing knowledge to LLMs, such as finetuning and...
This document develops a method to solve the periodic operating point of Dual-Active-Bridge (DAB).
Embolic stroke during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is strongly influenced by cannula induced flow disturbances that govern emboli transport and aortic wall loading. This study quantifies how aortic cannula orientation affects embolic distribution and atherosclerotic plaque disruption risk across patient specific, age-dependent aortic...
As DNA data storage moves closer to practical deployment, minimizing sequencing coverage depth is essential to reduce both operational costs and retrieval latency. This paper addresses the recently studied Random Access Problem, which evaluates the expected number of read samples required to recover a specific information strand from...
Simulation is crucial in real-world robotics, offering safe, scalable, and efficient environments for developing a variety of robotic applications. While the Robot Operating System (ROS) has been widely adopted as the backbone of these robotic applications in both academia and industry, its asynchronous, multi-process design...
Context: The rapid emergence of generative AI (GenAI) tools has begun to reshape various software engineering activities. Yet, their adoption within agile environments remains underexplored. Objective: This study investigates how agile practitioners adopt GenAI tools in real-world organizational contexts, focusing on regulatory...
Multielectron tunneling ionization creates ionic coherence crucial for lasing and driving electron motion in molecules. While tunneling is well understood as a single active electron process, less emphasis has been placed on theoretical descriptions of bound electrons during tunneling. This work systematically investigates...
We present a comprehensive study of the transient dynamics of multimode Schrödinger cat states in dissipatively coupled resonator arrays using the positive-P phase-space method. By employing the positive-P representation, we derive the exact stochastic differential equations governing the system's dynamics, enabling the simulation of...
Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) is a core problem in machine learning and information retrieval applications. GPUs offer a promising path to high-performance ANNS: they provide massive parallelism for distance computations, are readily available, and can co-locate with downstream applications. Despite these advantages,...
Neutron-rich boron isotopes provide a valuable testing ground for threshold-driven structure and reaction phenomena, including halo formation and exotic decay modes. In particular, the structure of $^{17}\mathrm{B}$ and its relation to unbound $^{16}\mathrm{B}$ are of special interest. The $^{16}\mathrm{B}$ nucleus is slightly unbound...
Generative artificial intelligence (AI) is conquering our lives at lightning speed. Large language models such as ChatGPT answer our questions or write texts for us, large computer vision models such as GAIA-1 generate videos on the basis of text descriptions or continue prompted videos. These neural network models are trained using...
We introduce a discrete-space analogue of the No-U-Turn sampler on the symmetric group $S_n$, yielding a locally adaptive and reversible Markov chain Monte Carlo method for $\mathrm{Mallows}(d,σ_0)$. Here $d:S_n\times S_n\to[0,\infty)$ is any fixed distance on $S_n$, $σ_0\in S_n$ is a fixed reference permutation, and the target...
Interval-censoring frequently occurs in studies of chronic diseases where disease status is inferred from intermittently collected biomarkers. Although many methods have been developed to analyze such data, they typically assume perfect disease diagnosis, which often does not hold in practice due to the inherent imperfect clinical...
Thin polymer films are widely used as functional and protective coatings. However, determining the composition and processing conditions that produce a desired function is a tedious process due to the large number of factors that must be considered and the manual nature of most synthesis and characterization methods. Self-driving labs...
We construct, for a $p$-adic field $F$, an explicit semisimple Tannakian category $\text{RigIsoc}_{F}$ whose category of fiber functors recovers Kaletha's Galois gerbe $\mathcal{E}_{\text{Kal}}$. We then classify and write down the simple objects in $\text{RigIsoc}_{F}$, all of which come from elliptic twisted Levi subgroups of...
Large Language Models (LLMs) encode vast world knowledge across multiple languages, yet their internal beliefs are often unevenly distributed across linguistic spaces. When external evidence contradicts these language-dependent memories, models encounter \emph{cross-lingual knowledge conflict}, a phenomenon largely unexplored beyond...
For $π$ a finitely presented group, Hausmann and Weinberger defined $q(π) \in \mathbb Z$ to be the minimum Euler characteristic over all closed, oriented $4$-manifolds with fundamental group $π$. This short note establishes that this minimum value in general differs depending on whether one minimizes over topological manifolds or only...
Technology-facilitated abuse (TFA) is a pervasive form of intimate partner violence (IPV) that leverages digital tools to control, surveil, or harm survivors. While tech clinics are one of the reliable sources of support for TFA survivors, they face limitations due to staffing constraints and logistical barriers. As a result, many...
This paper presents a PDE approach as an alternative to Monte Carlo simulations for computing the invariant measure of a white-noise-driven bilinear oscillator with hysteresis. This model is widely used in engineering to represent highly nonlinear dynamics, such as the Bauschinger effect. The study extends the stochastic...