arXiv preprints from January 1, 2026 through September 28, 2026 — 20:58:35 EST
Plateau features are frequently observed in the afterglows of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), yet their physical origins remain under debate. In this work, we compile a sample of 124 GRBs with known redshifts and simultaneous X-ray and optical afterglow observations. We categorize them into four subsets based on the existence of plateaus and...
We introduce the Equilibrated Averaging Residual Method (EARM), a unified equilibrated flux-recovery framework for elliptic interface problems that applies to a broad class of finite element discretizations. The method is applicable in both two and three dimensions and for arbitrary polynomial orders, and it enables the construction...
We examine two properties of AI systems: capability (what a system can do) and steerability (how reliably one can shift behavior toward intended outcomes). A central question is whether capability growth reduces steerability and risks control collapse. We also distinguish between authorized steerability (builders reliably reaching...
In this study, a family of distributions called cubic lower record-based transmuted is provided. A special case of this family is proposed as an alternative exponential distribution. Several statistical properties are explored. We utilize nine different methods to estimate the parameters of the suggested distribution. In order to...
This series of papers is a contribution to the program of classifying $p$-blocks of finite groups up to source algebra equivalence, starting with the case of cyclic blocks. To any $p$-block $\mathbf{B}$ of a finite group with cyclic defect group $D$, Linckelmann associated an invariant $W( \mathbf{B} )$, which is an indecomposable...
The growth of Electric Vehicles (EVs) creates a conflict in vehicle-to-building (V2B) settings between building operators, who face high energy costs from uncoordinated charging, and drivers, who prioritize convenience and a full charge. To resolve this, we propose a negotiation-based framework that, by design, guarantees voluntary...
Self-reflection capabilities emerge in Large Language Models after RL post-training, with multi-turn RL achieving substantial gains over SFT counterparts. Yet the mechanism of how a unified optimization objective gives rise to functionally distinct capabilities of generating solutions and evaluating when to revise them remains opaque....
The focus of this paper is the production of magnetic monopoles Drell-Yan and the Photon-Fusion mechanisms to generate velocity-dependent scalar, fermionic, and vector monopoles of spin angular momentum $0,\frac{1}{2},1$ respectively at a future muon collider. A computational study compares the monopole pair-production cross-sections...
Accurate vehicle positioning requires effective IMU-GPS fusion, yet prior methods-EKF, UKF, ML, GA, and DE-suffer from nonlinearity, instability, or high computational cost. This study introduces a PSO-based adaptive tuning framework for optimizing UKF parameters (α, \b{eta}, \k{appa}, Q, R), evaluated in CARLA 0.9.14 using a Tesla...
Current attempts of Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Controller are data-demanding while the results are under-performed, unstable, and unable to grasp and anchor on the concept of safety, and over-concentrating on noise features due to the nature of pixel reconstruction. While current Self-Supervised Learningapproachs that...
Evaluating novelty is critical yet challenging in peer review, as reviewers must assess submissions against a vast, rapidly evolving literature. This report presents OpenNovelty, an LLM-powered agentic system for transparent, evidence-based novelty analysis. The system operates through four phases: (1) extracting the core task and...
We propose a MINRES-based Newton-type algorithm for solving unconstrained nonconvex optimization problems. Our approach uses the minimal residual method (MINRES), a well-known solver for indefinite symmetric linear systems, to compute descent directions that leverage second-order and non-positive curvature (NPC) information....
In this study, we proceed to solve the field equations of the spatially flat Friedman-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) cosmological model in the presence of the cosmological constant \(Λ\) by making use of the Invariants of Hamilton-Jacobi method (IHJM). This method enables us to extract systematically two independent first integrals...
A height-function-based numerical approach is developed for enforcing contact angles on flat and curved solid surfaces within two-dimensional volume-of-fluid simulations. This method incorporates the contact line position into the curvature estimation in the contact line cell, where the interface normal is constrained to the...
Self-propelled particles rarely move in straight lines; environmental interactions, shape asymmetry, and intrinsic torques generically induce curved or fluctuating trajectories. In biological and synthetic systems, this curvature often coexists with directional sensing and non-reciprocal interactions. Motivated by this, we explore the...
We consider inhomogeneous singular parabolic double phase equations of type $$ u_t-\operatorname{div}(|Du|^{p-2}Du + a(x,t)|Du|^{q-2}Du)=-\operatorname{div} (|F|^{p-2}F + a(x,t)|F|^{q-2}F) $$ in $Ω_T := Ω\times (0,T)\subset \mathbb{R}^n\times \mathbb{R}$, where $\frac{2n}{n+2}<p\leq 2$, $p<q$ and $0\leq a(\cdot)\in...
Harmonic generation during radio frequency (RF)-dc conversion causes performance degradation of a microwave rectifying circuit. To suppress and recycle the harmonic power, this letter proposes a novel compact dual-band resonator (DBR) based on a microstrip coupled transmission line. It presents open-circuits at the second and third...
LLM-based agents are increasingly capable of complex task execution, yet current agentic systems remain constrained by text-centric paradigms that struggle with long-horizon tasks due to fragile multi-turn dependencies and context drift. We present CaveAgent, a framework that shifts tool use from ``LLM-as-Text-Generator'' to...
Joint audio-video generation aims to synthesize synchronized multisensory content, yet current unified models struggle with fine-grained acoustic control, particularly for identity-preserving speech. Existing approaches either suffer from temporal misalignment due to cascaded generation or lack the capability to perform zero-shot...
This article aims to examine the Hahn-Banach smoothness of Banach spaces and its connections to various geometrical aspects. We examine the circumstances that allow linear functionals to have unique norm-preserving extensions, with particular attention to the behavior of these properties in $L_1$-preduals and in spaces of affine...
A method is presented for inferring the deuterium fuel ion temperature from neutron counts measured with fast liquid scintillators in conditions where the ion velocity distribution is Maxwellian. Local neutron count rates at each scintillator position are combined to estimate total neutron yield from the plasma, where absolute...
We survey the classification of the Riemannian metrics on spheres with respect to which all equators are minimal hypersurfaces, and discuss problems related to these geometries.
Anomalous transports, including the anomalous Hall effect (AHE) and anomalous Nernst effect (ANE), are typical manifestations of time-reversal-symmetry-breaking responses in materials. In general, the two Hall states with opposite Hall conductivities can be regarded as time-reversal pairs coupled to magnetic order, and switching...
We report the discovery of giant pulse (GP) emission from the transitional millisecond pulsar (tMSP) PSR J1227$-$4853, using 174 hours of single-pulse data from the upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (uGMRT). This marks the first detection of GPs from a transitional MSP and adds to the small number of millisecond pulsars known...
We present Logics-STEM, a state-of-the-art reasoning model fine-tuned on Logics-STEM-SFT-Dataset, a high-quality and diverse dataset at 10M scale that represents one of the largest-scale open-source long chain-of-thought corpora. Logics-STEM targets reasoning tasks in the domains of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics...