arXiv preprints from January 1, 2026 through September 28, 2026 — 17:50:11 EST
We develop and optimize thin anti-reflection coatings (ARCs) for highly anisotropic materials in the mid infrared. Unlike conventional ARCs that assume nearly isotropic refractive indices, this work fully integrates the anisotropic nature of materials into the design process. We describe two designs of thin ARCs for highly anisotropic...
Large-scale multilingual ASR (mASR) models such as Whisper achieve strong performance but incur high computational and latency costs, limiting their deployment on resource-constrained edge devices. In this study, we propose a lightweight and language-agnostic multilingual ASR system based on a CTC architecture with domain adaptation....
The rapid proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, projected to exceed 30 billion interconnected devices by 2030, has significantly escalated the complexity of cybersecurity challenges. This survey aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of vulnerabilities, threats, and defense mechanisms, specifically focusing on the...
This paper presents an end-to-end LLM-based agentic exploration system for an indoor shopping task, evaluated in both Gazebo simulation and a corresponding real-world corridor layout. The robot incrementally builds a lightweight semantic map by detecting signboards at junctions and storing direction-to-POI relations together with...
Machine learning models deployed in nonstationary environments inevitably experience performance degradation due to data drift. While numerous drift detection heuristics exist, most lack a dynamical interpretation and provide limited guidance on how retraining decisions should be balanced against operational cost. In this work, we...
Multimodal generative AI systems like Stable Diffusion, DALL-E, and MidJourney have fundamentally changed how synthetic images are created. These tools drive innovation but also enable the spread of misleading content, false information, and manipulated media. As generated images become harder to distinguish from photographs,...
X-ray imaging is widely employed in clinical medicine, industrial inspection, and various scientific research fields. Unfortunately, most currently used X-ray two-dimensional (2D) detectors suffer from a fundamental trade-off between the number of pixels and readout time, making them unsuitable for fast moving objects imaging, as well...
High-quality three-dimensional (3D) photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is gaining increasing attention in clinical applications. To address the challenges of limited space and high costs, irregular geometric transducer arrays that conform to specific imaging regions are promising for achieving high-quality 3D PAI with fewer transducers....
In this paper, we investigate periodic orbits of test particles around a non-rotating Destounis-Suvorov-Kokkotas black hole and the resulting gravitational waves. Firstly, we examine the properties of circular orbits and find that circular orbits could disappear when the deformation is large enough. Then, using an orbital taxonomy, we...
The deployment of large-scale neural networks within the Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) architecture is pivotal for enabling native edge intelligence. However, this paradigm faces two critical bottlenecks: the prohibitive memory footprint required for local training on resource-constrained gNBs, and the saturation of...
This paper presents a decentralized control framework for distribution matching in multi-agent systems (MAS), where agents collectively achieve a prescribed terminal spatial distribution. The problem is formulated using optimal transport (Wasserstein distance), which provides a principled measure of distributional discrepancy and...
We propose a microlocal-Riemannian framework for the three-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations on a smooth oriented Riemannian manifold (M,g). The dynamics is lifted to the unit cosphere bundle S*M via a normal-coordinate microlocal transform whose construction is justified by the positive homogeneity of the principal...
We introduce the Carrier Drift Modulation - a new mechanism for creating temporal boundaries and enabling photonic time crystals. This approach opens a direct route to hyperbolic temporal metamaterials and, in particular, hyperbolic time crystals. We demonstrate that the very process responsible for time crystal formation can...
We investigate a unified dark-energy scenario based on the combined effects of Barrow entropy corrections and the QCD ghost mechanism, referred to as the BH--QCDGDE model. The dark-energy density is constructed in a generalized holographic form that incorporates both Barrow-deformed entropy corrections and low-energy QCD vacuum...
Many problems in robotics involve both continuous and discrete components, and modeling them together for estimation tasks has been a long standing and difficult problem. Hybrid Factor Graphs give us a mathematical framework to model these types of problems, however existing approaches for solving them are based on approximations. In...
We study a variant of the Riemann-Hilbert problem on the complements of hyperplane arrangements. This problem asks whether a given local system on the complement can be realized as the solution sheaf of a logarithmic Pfaffian system with constant coefficients. In this paper, we generalize Katz's middle convolution as a functor for...
Compact models often lose the structure of their embedding space. The issue shows up when the capacity is tight or the data spans several languages. Such collapse makes it difficult for downstream tasks to build on the resulting representation. Existing compression methods focus on aligning model outputs at a superficial level but...
We introduce Grokene, a novel two-dimensional superlattice derived from graphene, which was identified through an AI-guided materials discovery workflow utilizing a large language model. Grokene is predicted to exhibit ambient-pressure, room-temperature superconductivity, with computational simulations revealing a high electron-phonon...
Evaluating recommender systems remains challenging due to the gap between offline metrics and real user behavior, as well as the scarcity of interaction data. Recent work explores large language model (LLM) agents as synthetic users, yet they typically rely on few-shot prompting, which yields a shallow understanding of the environment...
To achieve pixel-level image manipulation, drag-style image editing which edits images using points or trajectories as conditions is attracting widespread attention. Most previous methods follow move-and-track framework, in which miss tracking and ambiguous tracking are unavoidable challenging issues. Other methods under different...
This paper develops a novel methodology for testing the goodness-of-fit of sparse parametric regression models based on projected empirical processes and p-value combination, where the covariate dimension may substantially exceed the sample size. In such ultra-high dimensional settings, traditional empirical process-based tests often...
We investigate the disordered flat-band superconductivity within the attractive Hubbard model on the kagome lattice by contrasting the flat-band-preserving disorder [Phys. Rev. B 98, 235109 (2018)] with the random hopping disorder that breaks the flat-band degeneracy. Through Bogoliubov-de Gennes mean-field calculations, we find that...
We present a graph-theoretic framework for constructing floor plans that support non-rectangular modules, with particular emphasis on L-shaped and T-shaped geometries. Unlike traditional approaches that primarily focus on rectangular modules and outer boundary constraints, our method explicitly incorporates structural restrictions...
Multi-functional reconfigurable intelligent surface (MF-RIS) is conceived to address the communication efficiency thanks to its extended signal coverage from its active RIS capability and self-sustainability from energy harvesting (EH). We investigate the architecture of multi-MF-RISs to assist non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)...
Segment Anything Model (SAM), known for its remarkable zero-shot segmentation capabilities, has garnered significant attention in the community. Nevertheless, its performance is challenged when dealing with what we refer to as visually non-salient scenarios, where there is low contrast between the foreground and background. In these...