arXiv preprints from January 1, 2026 through September 9, 2026 — 23:28:04 EST
This paper establishes a rigorous mathematical framework for the Multi-Scale Negative Coupled System (MNCS), a dynamical model describing hierarchical state spaces with directed, sign-structured interactions. We address the stabilization of reaction-diffusion systems on bounded domains $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^d$ ($d \le 3$) subject to...
In economics, construction of perfect models in a way that would be comparable to the standards customary in physical sciences is generally not feasible. In particular, the observed value for an economic equilibrium may deviate significantly from its model-based a priori expected value. Mathematically, the a posteriori observed...
Motivated by variational inference methods, we propose a zeroth-order algorithm for solving optimization problems in the space of Gaussian probability measures. The algorithm is based on an interacting system of Gaussian particles that stochastically explore the search space and self-organize around global minima via a consensus-based...
We prove an inequality featuring three well-known functions from analysis, namely the cotangent, the Euler-Riemann zeta function, and the digamma function. Aside from a simple proof of our result, we give a conjectured strengthening. We offer various remarks about the origins of this problem.
For a graph $G$, the spectral radius $ρ(G)$ of $G$ is the largest eigenvalue of its adjacency matrix. In this paper, we give three lammas on $ρ(G)$ when $G$ contains a spanning complete bipartite graph. Using these lemmas and typical spectral method, we characterized the unique extremal graph with the maximum spectral radius among all...
A graph is reconstructible if it is determined up to isomorphism from the collection of all its one-vertex-deleted subgraphs, known as the deck of G. The Reconstruction Conjecture (RC) posits that every finite simple graph with at least three vertices is reconstructible. In this paper, we prove that the class of graphs with domination...
We study a new nonlinear system which contains a partial differential equation, a quasivariational inequality and a parabolic variational inequality in Banach spaces. We obtain the unique solvability of the coupled system under moderate conditions by using the Banach's fixed point theorem. We employ the main results to investigate a...
Given a triangle-free graph $G$ with chromatic number $k$ and a proper vertex coloring $φ$ of $G$, it is conjectured that $G$ contains an induced rainbow path on $k$ vertices under $φ$. Scott and Seymour proved the existence of an induced rainbow path on $(\log \log \log k)^{\frac{1}{3}- o(1)}$ vertices. We improve this to $(\log...
We systematically investigate three different equivalence relations of connectedness: being connected by arcs, being connected by continua and being connected by chains of continua of decreasing diameter. The investigation is conducted from the point of view of Borel reductions, mainly on Polish spaces. All of the studied equivalence...
This work investigates the long-term distributional behavior of the reversible Selkov lattice systems defined on the set $\mathbb{Z}$ and driven by locally Lipschitz \emph{Lévy noises}, which possess two pairs of oppositely signed nonlinear terms and whose nonlinear couplings can grow polynomially with any order $p \geq 1$. Firstly,...
In this paper, we establish a Struwe type global compactness result for a class of nonlinear critical Hardy-Sobolev exponent problems driven by the fractional $p$-Laplace Hardy-Sobolev operator.
Let $H$ be a $k$-graph (i.e. a $k$-uniform hypergraph). Its minimum codegree $δ_{k-1}(H)$ is the largest integer $t$ such that every $(k-1)$-subset of $V(H)$ is contained in at least $t$ edges of~$H$. The \emph{codegree Turán density} $γ(\mathcal{F})$ of a family $\mathcal{F}$ of $k$-graphs is the infimum of $γ> 0$ such that every...
In this paper we solve an open question formulated in the original paper of twisted skew group codes regarding when a twisted skew group code is checkable. Also, we prove that all ideals of dimension 3 over a twisted group algebra are abelian group codes, generalising another previous result over group algebras. Finally, we prove a...
We rigorously establish a formula for the correlation energy of a two-dimensional Fermi gas in the mean-field regime for potentials whose Fourier transform $\hat{V}$ satisfies $\hat{V}(\cdot) | \cdot | \in \ell^1$. Further, we establish the analogous upper bound for $\hat{V}(\cdot)^2 | \cdot |^{1 + \varepsilon} \in \ell^1$, which...
For a given variety of groups $\X$, we develop a systematic theory of $\CSX$-groups and $\XT$-groups, extending ideas proposed in \cite{Shah}. We analyze the interplay between these classes, describe their structural properties, and examine their connections with equational domains and residually $A$-free groups. Furthermore, we prove...
For a Tychonoff space $X$, $B_1(X)$ denotes the space of all Baire-one functions on $X$ endowed with the pointwise topology. We prove that the following assertions are equivalent: (1) $B_1(X)$ is a (semi-)Montel space, (2) $B_1(X)$ is a (semi-)reflexive space, (3) $B_1(X)$ is a (quasi-)complete space, (4) $B_1(X)=\mathbb{R}^X$, (5)...
Urban transportation networks face significant challenges due to traffic congestion, leading to adverse environmental and socioeconomic impacts. Vehicular admission control (VAC) strategies have emerged as a promising solution to alleviate congestion. By leveraging information and communication technologies, VAC strategies regulate...
This paper presents a comprehensive overview of several multidimensional reduction methods focusing on Multidimensional Principal Component Analysis (MPCA), Multilinear Orthogonal Neighborhood Preserving Projection (MONPP), Multidimensional Locally Linear Embedding (MLLE), and Multidimensional Laplacian Eigenmaps (MLE). These...
This article proves that there are no self-intersections in the dragon curve when the unfolding angle is greater than 98.195°. This is shown by constructing a hull for the dragon curve that is mapped onto itself by the generating mappings for the dragon curve. The treatment is purely geometric. The proof is supplemented by a...
This paper focuses on symbolic integration of differential forms, with a particular emphasis on historical and modern developments, from Abel's addition theorems for Abelian integrals to Zeilberger's creative telescoping for parameterized integrals. It explores closed rational $p$-forms and provides algorithmic approaches for their...
In this article, we will first establish some density results for a locally $C^*$-algebra $\mathcal A$ and then identify a property, called Kaplansky density property (KDP). We then give a induced faithful continuous $*$-representation $\varphi$ of $\mathcal A^{**}$ (equipped with unique Arens product) on the space $B_{loc}(\mathcal...
The first goal of this paper is to give a precise and simple definition for off-shell Bethe vectors in a generic $g$-invariant integrable model for $g=gl_n$, $o_{2n+1}$, $sp_{2n}$ and $o_{2n}$. We prove from our definition that the off-shell Bethe vectors indeed become on-shell when the Bethe equations are obeyed. Then, we show that...
In this paper, two formulations for the computation of the dyadic Green's functions of Maxwell's equations in layered media are presented in details. The first formulation derived using TE/TM decomposition is well-known and intensively used in engineering community while the second formulation derived using vector potential and a...
We present a general regularization procedure for piecewise smooth vector fields whose discontinuity locus is a variety of normal crossings type. We show that such regularization can be smoothed through a finite sequence of blowings-up, thereby reducing the problem to study of the dynamics of a smooth vector field in a manifold with...
In this paper, we obtain results on exponential stability of second order delay differential equations, which are based on a version of the Floquet theory for delay differential equations of the second order we proposed. Our version allows researchers to preserve the order of equation and to obtain analogues of the classical results...