arXiv preprints from January 1, 2026 through September 6, 2026 — 03:20:07 EST
Synthetic optical holography (SOH) introduced holographic reconstruction into scanning optical microscopy, enabling quantitative phase imaging with sequential acquisition and point detection. Here, we extend this concept to the quantum regime by implementing SOH within quantum imaging with undetected light (QIUL). By integrating a...
Neutron-rich Si isotopes represent a unique case of shell evolution, exhibiting a robust shell closure at $N=20$ and pronounced quadrupole collectivity at $N = 28$. We report lifetime measurements of excited states in $^{40}$Si and the first simultaneous lifetime and heavy-ion inelastic-scattering measurements in $^{41}$Si. In...
The optical morphologies of low-mass galaxies can be used to directly trace their assembly and constrain models of galaxy evolution. We select a sample of 6211 low-mass ($7\lesssim {\rm log}(M_{\ast}/M_{\odot})\lesssim 10$) star-forming galaxies from the SAGAbg catalog that has high-completeness at low-redshifts ($z<0.1$). We obtain...
The covariant density functional theory in a three-dimensional lattice space is extended to the PCF-PK1 functional with localized exchange terms and is employed to study the nuclear shape evolution of even-even Ra isotopes. Well-developed axial octupole deformations are found for the ground states of $^{222-228}$Ra with no evidence of...
The Hubble tension has reached a nominal significance above $7σ$, while new high-precision measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) sharpen the test of proposed solutions. Using a common framework, we compare fourteen representative alternatives to the standard $Λ$ Cold Dark Matter...
Quantum Neural Networks (QNNs) have emerged as a promising paradigm for quantum machine learning in the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era, leveraging quantum phenomena such as superposition and entanglement to process information in exponentially large Hilbert spaces. However, QNNs inherit critical security vulnerabilities...
Collisions of ultra-relativistic bubbles during cosmological phase transitions can produce particles much heavier than the transition scale. Previous analyses modelled this process as the off-shell decay of the scalar background. We show that its results parametrically overestimate hard particle production and depend on the gauge...
Deep thermalisation characterises the emergence of universal quantum state ensembles on subsystems due to projective measurements on their complement. We study the notion of locality, or lack thereof, in this phenomenon by considering a subsystem partitioned into two disjoint subregions which remain causally disconnected at all times...
We propose an unconventional metallic phase emerging on doping the $1/3$ Fractional Chern insulator, which can serve as a parent state to anyon superconductivity with arbitrary chiral central charge. It is a twisted $\mathbb{Z}_3$ orthogonal metal: a state with vanishing electron quasiparticle weight but a single well-defined Fermi...
We propose an experimentally motivated model in which the Mpemba effect can be controlled through the system's inertia. The model describes a polymer undergoing a denaturation transition whose force-extension curve contains a plateau that slows relaxation. When the system is initially prepared at a higher temperature or under a weaker...
Dynamic entanglement distribution is a key requirement for scalable, multi-user and multi-protocol quantum networks. We demonstrate a metropolitan-scale entanglement-based quantum communication network enabled by a quantum reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (q-ROADM), which dynamically distributes polarisation-entangled...
In the last decades, spacetime noncommutativity and the associated deformations of relativistic symmetries have attracted a lot of interest, as several phenomenological windows into quantum gravity are approaching genuine Planck-scale sensitivity. However, the physical significance of the mathematical structures introduced to deal...
The search for optimal schemes and dissipative environments for mediating long-range entanglement between two distant nitrogen-vacancy centers (NVCs) in diamond is the subject of ongoing vigorous efforts due to potential applications of such microscopic solid-state qubits in quantum sensing and quantum computing. However, stabilizing...
Parameterized quantum circuits (PQCs) are increasingly used as policies and value functions in quantum reinforcement learning, yet it remains unclear when and why quantum policies generalize. We give a PAC-Bayesian account in which generalization is governed not by the raw number of circuit parameters, but by the effective dimension...
Nonlinear kinetic plasma simulation is high-dimensional and classically demanding, while quantum algorithms face different bottlenecks: embedding nonlinear dynamics into a linear computation, loading dense field-interaction data, and efficiently extracting information. We present an end-to-end quantum algorithm, with rigorous...
We introduce a thermodynamic theory of voting and show that it provides a good description of distribution of party votes in EU elections. The theory traces parallels between system energies of coupled nonlinear oscillators and party vote fractions. Such a classical system evolution is characterized by the conservation of total energy...
Basket option pricing often relies on Monte Carlo estimation, for which quantum amplitude estimation (QAE) provides a quadratic speed-up. However, the practical benefit of QAE can be limited by the depth of the state-preparation circuit. We propose a structure-aware quantum state-preparation framework for QAE-based basket option...
Credit Valuation Adjustment (CVA) requires repeated risk-neutral expectation estimation, making it a natural test bed for quantum amplitude estimation, whose coherent amplification can in principle reduce Monte Carlo sampling cost. Whether this advantage survives realistic financial encoding and noisy hardware remains open. We develop...
This letter proposes a physics-aware multi-modal contrastive learning framework designed to transform complex seismic wavefields into human-readable physical representations. Traditional data-driven inversion methods often focus on pixel-wise mapping, which lacks physical grounding and interpretability. To address this, we introduce a...
A recent \(^{47}\text{K}(d,pγ)^{48}\text{K}\) transfer reaction measurement has identified new excited states in \(^{48}\text{K}\) and extracted the corresponding spectroscopic factors (SFs)[\href{https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.162504}{C. J. Paxman, \textit{et al.} PhysRevLett.134.162504 (2025)}], but...
A two-decade-old puzzle in heavy-ion one-nucleon knockout reactions is the strong correlation between the reduction factor $R_s=σ_{\rm exp}/σ_{\rm th}$ and the Fermi surface asymmetry $ΔS$. Theoretical cross sections typically rely on spectroscopic factors (SFs) from shell model (SM) calculations, which neglect continuum coupling...
As radio emission from normal galaxies is a dust-free tracer of star formation, tracing the star formation history of the Universe is a key goal of the SKA and ngVLA. In order to investigate how well radio luminosity traces star formation rate (SFR) in the early Universe, we have examined the radio properties of a JWST Paschen-alpha...
In the case of a radio-frequency (RF) cavity with a mismatched input coupler, a direct calculation of the power dissipation in the cavity and the intrinsic quality factor from continuous-wave (CW) measurements may have uncertainty due to systematic errors. Formulae for an indirect calculation of these quantities are derived for the...
We demonstrate that symmetry need not be restored in the Pati-Salam model, so that $SU(2)_L\otimes SU(2)_R\otimes SU(4)_c$ remains broken to the Standard Model group at temperatures above the Pati-Salam symmetry breaking scale. Including the leading finite-temperature corrections, suitable quartic couplings prevent a restoration...
The Hodgkin-Huxley equations have described neuronal excitability for seventy years, yet their mathematical structure-gating exponents m3h and n4, exponential voltage dependencies, and bounded activation variables, has remained empirically justified rather than theoretically derived. Hodgkin and Huxley introduced voltage-dependent...