arXiv preprints from January 1, 2026 through September 7, 2026 — 02:26:03 EST
We present a study of the transition of Neutral Hydrogen (HI) gas from the end of the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) to late-time large-scale structure. We examine the signature of the transition as traced through the redshifted 21-cm line with SKA-Low at $3 < z < 7$. To do so, we use the semi-numerical simulation \textsc{21cmFAST} to...
Building on the earlier work by Araki and Tanii, Aschieri {\it et al.}, and Buratti {\it et al.}, we demonstrate that every model for self-dual nonlinear electrodynamics in four dimensions has a $\mathsf{U}(1)$ duality-invariant extension to $4p>4$ dimensions and construct new self-dual nonlinear theories for a gauge $(2p-1)$-form. We...
Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) can detect the low-frequency stochastic gravitational-wave background (GWB) generated by an ensemble of supermassive black hole binaries (BHBs). Accurate determination of BHB merger timescales is essential for interpreting GWBs and constraining key astrophysical quantities such as black hole (BH) occupation...
Machine Learning (ML) has been widely applied across numerous domains due to its ability to automatically identify informative patterns from data for various tasks. The availability of large-scale data and advanced computational power enables the development of sophisticated models and training strategies, leading to state-of-the-art...
We investigate whether the inner product structure of quantum mechanics can be modified without violating fundamental physical principles. We consider a generalized inner product defined by a positive operator and assume local unitary dynamics, existence of entangled states and the no-signalling principle. We show that any nontrivial...
We investigate the topological electronic properties of the $K_4$ crystal by constructing a tight-binding model. The bulk band structure hosts Weyl nodes with higher and conventional chiralities ($χ= \pm 2$ and $χ= \pm 1$) located at high-symmetry points in the Brillouin zone. Through analytical evaluation of the Berry curvature, we...
The development of visual luminescent thermometers capable of exhibiting pronounced color changes in response to temperature variations requires the rational design of phosphors with high spectrally selective thermal sensitivity. In this work, we present a strategy based on phase-transition-induced activation of cross-relaxation...
We present a systematic framework for calculating the vacuum decay rate in D-dimensional electroweak theories, providing a unified treatment of quantum fluctuations for scalar, fermion, and gauge boson fields via a combined WKB expansion and dimensional regularization. This method ensures rapid convergence even at large angular...
In this paper we approach the problem of superdeterminism from a novel point of view, highlighting its character as a more metaphysical than scientific proposition. First, we introduce a distinction between two types of superdeterministic theories, naïve (NSD) and metaphysical (MSD), and argue how NSD presents significant epistemic...
We present a comprehensive temporal and spectral study of the flat-spectrum radio quasar PKS~0402$-$362 using \textit{Fermi}-LAT/Swift-XRT/UVOT observations spanning from MJD 54686-60321. The $γ$-ray light curve exhibits multiple phases of enhanced activity, with the fractional variability parameter ($F_{\mathrm{var}}$) showing larger...
Polarisation-maintaining ZBLAN optical fibres with small elliptical cores are attractive for nonlinear frequency conversion, for example in supercontinuum generation (SCG), and for dispersion management in ultrafast fibre laser systems operating in the mid-infrared (MIR) spectral region. Accurate characterisation of group...
The ion beam induced charge technique with proton microprobe is used to characterise newly developed p-n junction large area silicon carbide detectors. They were recently produced as part of the ongoing program to develop a new particle identification wall for the focal plane detector of the MAGNEX magnetic spectrometer at INFN -...
The bulk compositions of small planets ($R_p< 2 \mathrm{R}_\oplus$) are directly linked to their formation histories, making reliable compositional constraints imperative for testing models of planet formation and evolution. Because exoplanet interiors cannot be directly observed, their make-up must be inferred from...
Collisions of two weakly nonlinear, $a_0 \ll 1$, counter-propagating EM pulses in pair plasma leave behind a long-surviving collection of localized waves, {\it an electromagnetic ghost}. Waves are trapped (localized) by the random large density fluctuations created by the beat between the pulses. The process is similar to random...
The binary black hole signal GW250114, the clearest gravitational wave detected to date, offers a unique opportunity to test general relativity in the relativistic strong-gravity regime. How well does GW250114 agree with Einstein's predictions in the plunge-merger-ringdown stage? To address this point, we constrain deviations from...
We show that magnetism in moiré Mott-Wigner crystals can be induced by the collective vibration of electrons around their equilibrium positions (i.e., electronic phonons), even without spin interactions between electrons. Due to a geometric valley-orbit coupling from the Berry phase effect, the zero-point energy of electronic phonons...
This work aims to present the quantum aspects of a non-commutative gauge gravity formulation of a Schwarzschild-like black hole constructed via the Moyal twist $\partial_t \wedge \partial_θ$. Particle creation is estimated for bosonic and fermionic fields using the quantum tunneling method, with divergent integrals treated through the...
Fractional Chern insulators are lattice analogs of fractional quantum Hall states that realize fractionalized quasiparticles without an external magnetic field. A key strategy to understand and design these phases is to map Chern bands onto Landau levels (LLs). Here, we introduce a universal framework that variationally decomposes...
Using a recently suggested magneto-morphological classification (MMC, Abramenko, 2021, MNRAS Vol 507) of solar active regions (ARs), we explored 3048 ARs, observed from12 May 1996 to 27 December 2021. Magnetograms were acquired with the Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) and with the...
Unlabeled multigraphs have diverse applications across scientific fields, from transportation and social networks to polymer physics. In particular, multigraphs are essential for studying the relationship between the spatial organization and biological function of chromatin, which is often folded into complex polymer networks whose...
Indium selenide (In2Se3), a layered chalcogenide with multiple polymorphs, is a promising material for optoelectronic and ferroelectric applications. However, achieving polymorph-pure thin films remains a major challenge due to the complex growth space. In this work, Bayesian optimization (BO) is successfully leveraged to guide the...
The crystal structure of Rb$_2$Ru$_2$O$_7$.H$_2$O was determined by three-dimensional electron diffraction from the individual crystallites of a solid-state powder product. Rb$_2$Ru$_2$O$_7$.H$_2$O crystallizes in space group \textit{C}2/\textit{c} ($a=7.841(3)$ Å, $b=12.500(3)$ Å, $c=8.392(2)$ Å, $β=93.57(4)^\circ$, Z=4). The...
The high-energy proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider provide the ideal conditions to study the rare processes predicted by the Standard Model (SM) such as the production of multiple electroweak bosons. These processes involve the self-interactions of the gauge bosons through triple and quartic gauge couplings (TGCs...
We investigate a minimal extension of the Standard Model with a real singlet scalar and a singlet Dirac fermion acting as dark matter. Unlike a conventional singlet scalar setup, we assume that the singlet scalar does not acquire a vacuum expectation value at zero temperature. This decouples the scalar mixing angle from the...
The development of accurate forecasts of solar eruptive activity has become increasingly important for preventing potential impacts on space technologies and exploration. Therefore, it is crucial to detect Active Regions (ARs) before they start forming on the solar surface. This will enable the development of early-warning...